Phillyrea angustifolia is native to the Mediterranean regions, including Italy, Spain, southern France, Greece, and North Africa. It grows spontaneously in the Mediterranean scrub and other coastal and hilly areas.
Phillyrea angustifolia is an evergreen shrub that can reach heights of 2-5 meters. It has an upright habit with a dense, branched crown. The leaves are narrow, lanceolate, leathery, and glossy dark green. They are opposite and measure about 2-6 cm in length. The leaves emit a light aroma when crushed.
Flowering occurs in spring. The flowers are small, whitish-green, and grouped in axillary inflorescences. Although they are not particularly showy, the flowers are fragrant and attract pollinating insects. The fruits are oval drupes, bluish-black when ripe, and contain a single seed.
Phillyrea angustifolia prefers well-drained, sandy or clay soils with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. It thrives in sunny positions and tolerates the hot, dry climates typical of Mediterranean regions. It is drought-resistant and salt-tolerant, making it suitable for coastal areas. It also tolerates windy conditions and poor soils.
Phillyrea angustifolia is valued for its ornamental appeal and is often used in Mediterranean gardens, hedges, borders, and as a screening plant. It is particularly hardy and requires little maintenance once established. Phillyrea angustifolia is also utilized in ecological restoration of degraded areas due to its ability to grow in poor soils and withstand harsh environmental conditions. Additionally, it has good tolerance to pruning and can be shaped into various forms for ornamental purposes. In some regions, the leaves and branches are used for traditional medicinal purposes, although it is not widely known for significant therapeutic properties.
