Magnolia grandiflora is native to the southeastern regions of the United States, primarily along the Gulf Coast and in the southeastern states. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in many other temperate and subtropical regions around the world.
Magnolia grandiflora is a large evergreen tree that can reach a height of 18-30 meters and a width of 6-12 meters. It has a dense, pyramidal or rounded crown, with sturdy branches and smooth gray-brown bark. The leaves are large, leathery, ovate to elliptical in shape, with a dark green and glossy upper surface and a rusty, pubescent underside. The leaves can be up to 20 cm long.
Flowering occurs in spring and summer. The flowers are large, cream-white in color, and can reach a diameter of 20-30 cm. The flowers are solitary, fragrant, and have a waxy texture. After flowering, the plant produces cone-shaped fruits, initially green, which turn brown as they mature. The fruits contain red seeds that are dispersed by the plant once ripe.
Magnolia grandiflora grows well in a variety of soils, including sandy, clayey, and loamy soils, provided they are well-drained. It prefers sunny or semi-shaded positions and benefits from regular watering during active growth periods. It is drought-resistant once established but grows better with consistent irrigation. It also tolerates moderate salinity and can be grown in coastal areas.
Magnolia grandiflora is widely cultivated for its ornamental value, thanks to its spectacular flowers and attractive foliage. It is used in parks, gardens, avenues, and as a screening plant. Its flowers are also appreciated for their intense fragrance. However, the tree produces a large amount of leaves, flowers, and fruits that can create debris, so it is best planted in areas where this is not an issue. Magnolia grandiflora is also known for its longevity and can live for several generations if well cared for.
