Acanthus mollis is native to the Mediterranean regions, including Southern Europe and North Africa. It is widespread in Italy, Spain, Greece, Southern France, and along the Adriatic coast.
Acanthus mollis is a perennial herbaceous plant, characterized by large, deeply lobed, glossy leaves that can reach 30-60 cm in length. The leaves are dark green with wavy and toothed edges. The plant has rhizomatous roots, which allow it to spread easily.
Flowering occurs in late spring or early summer. Acanthus mollis produces tall floral spikes that can reach 1-2 meters in height, bearing flowers arranged in spike-like inflorescences. The flowers are tubular, with spiny bracts, and are white or pinkish with purple veins. The fruits are capsules containing oval-shaped seeds.
Acanthus mollis prefers mild climates and well-drained soils. It is common in shaded, cool places, such as under tree canopies and in moist woodlands. It grows well in rich, fertile soils, whether sandy or clayey, and can tolerate moderate drought once established.
Acanthus mollis has been known since antiquity, often depicted in classical art and architecture as a decorative element for Corinthian capitals. The plant is also valued in gardening for its decorative foliage and hardiness. However, it can become invasive if not controlled, due to its ability to spread via rhizomes.
